Managing the money

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Managing the money



Salaries, debts and expenses have always been looked after carefully at the palaces.
South Front and Privy Garden

The Clerks of the Greencloth were the officers of the household who checked and paid for the provisions coming into Henry VIII’s kitchens, and their financial prudence is still in evidence in today’s Finance Department.  The court and courtiers were often wasteful of the king’s goods.   ‘What should I trouble myself to husband his Majesty’s money?’ asked Viscount Wimbledon.  ‘More men prosper with spending and getting the King’s money than by saving it’.   Courtiers were entitled to a daily allowance of bread, beer, candles and fuel for their fires.  If they were caught selling these outside the court (as often happened) they had their allowance docked for a month. 

Collecting rent

William Wentworth (1604) advises a man never to employ a woman in estate management ‘for flattering tenants will soon seduce a woman, who neither is like to have a true intelligence of the matter, nor so sound a judgement as the wiser sort of men have’.

In 1694, work on the re-building of Hampton Court Palace ground to a halt.  One reason was the death of Mary II, but another was royal penury.  William and Mary had been spending at twice the rate of their predecessor, Charles II, and owed 16 months’ salary to their servants below stairs.  Work had to pause for three years while debts were paid off and the books balanced.

William III and Mary IIIn 1697, the Civil List Act was passed confirming William and Mary’s annual income at a maximum of £700,000 annually, drawn from the historic revenues, post office receipts and customs revenues by now in the hands of Parliament.  The money paid for the royal household, the royal houses (including the building works at Hampton Court Palace and Kensington Palace) and all the costs of government except defence.  The act regularised the flow of money from Parliament to the Crown, and is an arrangement that still stands today.  

An archaeologist working in Base Court at Hampton Court PalaceIn 1875, after years of bickering, the Tower was made free to visitors on certain days.  Access had become a symbolic issue in the election of that year, and visitor numbers rose sharply.   Free and easy access to the palaces remains our aspiration, but the money now paid for tickets funds the vital conservation work for which there is no other source of financial support.

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